Menna Holmes

What is the probability of winning by playing casino games? Tips For Novices

casino games

All seasoned players at Spinia know that the odds of winning vary greatly. Moreover, they depend on many factors and differ in various casino games. Therefore, if you are aiming for a career as a successful gambler, it is worth learning the basics of this little-known art. And you should start with the odds and probability as these things are very important!

Down below you can find the main info about odds in different casino games as well as learn basic rules about the probability of winning. These tips will surely help you a lot in becoming an experienced and successful gambler.

Tip For Blackjack Players

Let’s start with good news: blackjack players can expect the most lucrative odds on the market. More specifically, it has a .5% casino edge, depending on which table you’re playing at. Not bad at all. Of course, you must know every aspect of this popular game and try to make no mistakes. 

So, to put it simply, you need to spend time on finding a suitable table with the most appealing odds but it’s quite simple to do as blackjack offers one of the most profitable casino edges.

Tip For Slot Players

Be careful when approaching this area of online gambling. Slots offer both the best and the worst odds, so you must thoughtfully choose a game to play at. The probability of winning varies greatly in slots, so you have to use other ways to trick a casino. First of all,  place your bets on the maximum number of paylines. By doing so, you will improve your odds of winning a progressive jackpot. In addition, improvise using different strategies, and also carefully monitor your balance, because you can often lose in the slots section.

Tip For Craps Players

The house edge for craps in 1.4. This means for every dollar you wager, you’ll only lose about a penny on average. If you want to improve odds, bet on “Don’t Pass Line”. Casino edge in this case will be 1.36. Speaking of the most efficient tactics, just put your money on the “Pass Line” in most cases and don’t pay attention to the complicated side-bets. This will do the job.

Tip For Roulette Players

casino Tips

As you know, there are several types of online Roulette. The most popular are American, French & European Roulette and they offer absolutely different house edges:

  • American roulette game a 5.26%;
  • European roulette game has a 2.70%;
  • French roulette has the lowest house edge possible (1.35%) due to the fact that you get half your bet back on losing even-money.

There are a good number of strategies in roulette, but everything depends mainly on luck. Therefore, we advise you to be patient and not spend all your savings on one bet)

Tip For Poker Players

Video Poker games also offer high RTP although you still have to look for the best deals. Thoughtfully study all presented games, focusing mostly on “Jacks and Better” poker games as they often offer the RTP more than 99%. Also, don’t even think of playing poker for real money if you are a newbie – this is a game where success depends on your skill and not your luck. Besides, to get the best RTP, you must always make the best possible choices.

Actual Tips For Safe Gambling

Safe Gambling

If you are dreaming of becoming a successful gambler at https://masonslots.online/, then you should think about how to secure your money during this process. Indeed, despite the many proven and reliable online casinos like MasonSlots and others, the Internet is full of scammers who come up with new methods of deceiving gullible players.

In order to protect yourself, you should follow a few simple tips. Please, don’t underestimate the value of these recommendations as they will help you to avoid untrustworthy venues and secure your financial data as well as save a lot of time.  Let’s take a closer look at them.

Look For A Licensed Casino

First of all, choose among venues holding official licenses, totally ignoring unlicensed analogs. Only this precaution will greatly increase your chances of finding a reliable platform since international regulators that provide licenses take responsibility for your security when providing casinos with permissions for gambling. 

Of course, unlicensed websites aren’t always scammers, but they’re much more likely to be than licensed ones. So, make sure to take this advice into account when choosing a venue. By the way, you should look for a gambling license only from trustworthy organizations: UK Gambling Commission, Malta Gaming Authority, and some other credible iGaming regulators with perfect reputations.

Use Only Secure Payment Methods

Among other things, always use only trusted payment systems that have the most modern data protection technologies and have all the necessary licenses. Among such payment methods are Skrill, PayPal, Neteller, and some others.

In fact, most casinos currently test their payment methods themselves before adding them to their lists, however, additional precautions will not be superfluous. Thus, check available payment operators before trusting them with money.

Always Check the Connection

Gambling tips

Now check out this tip as it is the easiest yet surprisingly effective way to check online casinos: to find out whether the venue is secure or not, check that the web connection is encrypted with the latest Secure Socket Layer encryption. Despite the convoluted description, this is extremely easy to do:

  1. Simply open the platform and check out the web address;
  2. In case you see https:// before the domain, it’s an absolutely secure and trustworthy site;
  3. If you don’t, then the venue is not secure, and you’d better not transmit money or any financial data over this connection.

Read Reviews. Always!

Finally, always read reviews and comments written by other customers. By reading them, you can often learn about the security of the site, as well as about the features of the verification process, and much more. In addition, you can find out a lot of interesting things about game sections, bonuses, promotions, and tournaments. Thus, the benefits of reading reviews are enormous – you can not only learn about the reliability of a casino, but also decide in advance if it suits you if it turns out to be safe.

The most famous myths in the gambling industry

gambling

The gambling industry has existed for many years, and during this time a huge number of various myths have appeared. Some of them are created for PR purposes, others are just inventions of ambitious journalists. In this exclusive article for customers to Avalon78 Casino, we will list the most popular myths and try to figure out which ones are true and which are not.

Winners of large sums receive special casino treatment

The main goal of any casino is to maximize profit, so usually, even the most loyal customers do not get special treatment. However, some regular players can receive some privileges, such as a personal manager, higher withdrawal limits, and so on if they choose to participate in the casino’s loyalty program. In this case, they will need to earn special casino points and exchange them for unique prizes. In addition, all users can receive free bonuses upon registration, however, there is usually no special treatment for the most loyal users.

Slot machines are specially programmed! Gamblers can not win!

No reliable institution manages its slots, as it is monitored by special services and software developers. Of course, there are many fraudulent resources online, but they are easy to spot. To do this, study the comments, reviews, and check the quality certificate. Good establishments use a built-in number generator that guarantees fairness and impartiality of the game.

Most online casinos operate illegally.

All major markets have the strictest rules governing this kind of business. The leader is the US market, which is regulated separately in each state. Likewise in Europe. Today, licenses for gambling businesses are issued locally: for the country in which the company operates. It is no longer possible to issue legal documents anywhere on the islands. If businessmen want to create an online casino in Australia, then they need to obtain a license from an Australian regulator. Thus, it’s almost impossible to operate illegally.

The longer you play, the more you win

gambling industry

Many players are sure that if you play slots all the time, you can win more often. To some extent, this idea is correct – you will indeed win more often. However, there will also be much more losses. The pursuit of winning most often ends in failure and significant monetary losses. Because to a large extent gambling depends on your luck (apart from card games). Therefore, just relax and have fun – this is the whole point of gambling, isn’t it?

Online casinos are made for rich people only

Yes, it used to be that way: until the 20th century, wealthy people played casinos because they could afford it. Plus, gambling venues required adherence to the dress code (evening dresses, tailcoats, and so on). But with the development of gambling on the Internet, everything has changed. You don’t have to get off the couch to play Blackjack or Roulette anymore!  Just register on a specific resource, select a slot and start winning! Minimum deposit limits are available for everyone – in some venues, you can bet less than a dollar!

TOP-5 Reasons You Should Gamble Online Instead Of Visiting Land-Based Venues

Gambling

Do you doubt whether it is worth betting online? Then read this small guide specially made for users of https://avalon78casino.net/  – in it, we will analyze in detail why you should forget about land-based casinos and switch to online analogs!

Reason №1: Simplicity

First of all, it’s easy to create an account and start gambling online: modern online casinos don’t require any initial fees, dress code, and other nonsense – you can start playing immediately after registration. Moreover, online sites accept almost all types of bank cards, both for withdrawal and for deposit operations. The safety of funds is guaranteed.

As for other features, most online casinos offer easy navigation and user-friendly interfaces as well as FAQ sections, customer support with live chats, and much other helpful stuff. Thus, even an absolute beginner can easily get used to an online casino’s site and quickly begin making bets and playing slots.

Reason №2: Gifts For Novices

Only in online casinos, gamblers can play for real money without personal investments. No land-based establishment offers welcome bonuses to its customers, while the virtual sector gives its users:

  • money for registration;
  • rewards for participating in a particular game;
  • personalized bonuses (seasonal promotions, rewards, timed to a specific date);
  • cash incentives for activity on the site;
  • prizes for the first replenishment of the deposit;
  • bonuses for attracting new gamblers.

All these bonuses can significantly simplify the gambling process and cause big winnings. Moreover, online casinos offer jackpot slots with enormous prizes as well as game shows, regular tournaments, and loyalty programs with additional prizes. 

Reason №3: Easy Access

It is difficult to get into a reputable land-based casino. You need to have a special invitation, match the dress code, have recommendations or fulfill other conditions that are dictated by this or that gambling venue. 

For these reasons, many gamblers choose to play on online platforms. You do not depend on anyone, and you can play at any time of the day. Also, modern companies offer convenient applications for smartphones, so you can play even while traveling!

Reason №4: Free Mode

Online Gambling

It is not necessary to play for real money in an online casino, you can simply enjoy a game using the so-called demo mode. This mode gives you the opportunity to develop your own strategies and develop skills, as well as be able to choose the coolest game of all available. To open the free mode, just click on the “DEMO” button which is located under a game’s icon.

Reason №5: Diversity Of Games

Having entered a land-based casino, you can usually play several old machines with awful graphics, annoying mechanics, and the absence of an enjoyable plot. At the same time, online casinos provide visitors with bright games consisting of original characters and amazing plots, stylish design, great music, and a lot of other things. It is a real pleasure to play on such platforms as there are no repeatable games – every day brings something new!

Classification of Bonuses at Online Casinos

Bonuses at Online Casinos

Modern casinos offer users lots of extras to attract more gamblers. How does an ordinary guest understand which bonuses are the best? If you are not a bonus hunter who is well-versed in the gambling industry,it is better to study the rules and conditions of the site where you decided to splurge.

The first deposit bonus is at the top of the list of most frequently given bonuses, and free spins are the easiest motivation according to BetAmo members’ reviews. Most gifts imply a wagering requirement. Let’s take a closer look at them.

No Deposit Bonuses 

The widespread no deposit bonus casino does not oblige the guest to spend on slots from his personal wallet. Players can spend this sum on paid slots or make withdrawal. Sum is activated automatically or by entering a promo code. Such a code comes to a phone or email at the end of the registration procedure. If you decide to use such money to hit a jackpot, take into account all the additional criteria of the gambling house. Direct withdrawal of the gift is impossible because its main purpose is to attract the audience to the paid leisure.

Deposit

Bonus

Similar to the no deposit bonus, there can be a wagering threshold and the accompanying criteria for receiving real cash. The bonus comes in the form of money or as a percentage, to be tied to a certain order of contributions (for example, only on 1-10 deposits) or to be permanent. Often sites charge a welcome bonus for the first deposit or tie winnings on a no-deposit to the first deposit.

Free Spins

Games with free spins are very popular among players. So, casinos give out Free Spins as gifts for winning tournaments, contributions, total expenditure and other actions. The user earns from the free spins, without investing a penny. Besides the number of spins, take into account what games allow you to spend the presents and what will be the parameter bet. In the free-spins slot machine, the prize mechanics bet is equal to the last spin. 

One of the advantages of this bonus is that it allows you to test a game by a world-famous provider who offers highest-quality software. So this process will not only be risk free but also fun. You will be able to play the best game and even win at the expense of the casino.

Cashback

The mechanics of calculating the cashback comes down to a simple formula. The balance at the beginning of the period plus contributions minus the balance at the end. The formula is also affected by gifts, deducted cache, activity, and other factors. Each market operator has its own calculation, and some even offer a percentage gradation depending on the level and activity of the profile. The return range is about 0.03-50%. Sites that offer a large compensation (25-50%) usually limit it in terms of money (e.g., no more than 50 euros). Low compensation (up to 3%) often has no special restrictions.

Foolproof techniques to win at online roulette: don’t believe them

roulette

We already mentioned that there is no one trick that guarantees 100% victory at roulette, the results are random. No one can have a winning streak using betting systems. All you need is luck and nothing else.

Martingale: how to win at roulette

Martingale

It is quite simple, and that is why it wins a lot of fans. The idea of Martingale is to double the previous game every time there is a loss. This would serve to recover the lost amount. It works for red/black bets.

Even if there are consecutive losses, supposedly at some point the player will have a satisfactory result, the amount invested in the previous rounds is won. In reality, the strategy has several flaws.

The ball has no memory and can land on any square. Even if it has fallen on black in succession, it can fall again and again. Some people think that the odds are 50% for red and 50% for black.

However, the 0 house is green. In the long run, Martingale is not a bad idea, but to put it into action, you would need infinite money. Another detail is that the tables have betting limits, so one has to look for tables with high roulette limits.

D’ Alembert System

It is similar to the previous techniques, because it is a progressive method. It uses outside bets, such as odd/even, red/black, low half/half/high.

Every time there is a loss, the bet must be increased. And every time there is a win, the bet must be decreased, in the same proportion. The system understands that, in the long run, the number of wins and losses will balance out.

  • Let’s give an example: the bet starts with $20, having as amount of decrease or increase $1. The player wins, then in the next round bets only $19. He wins again, going to $18. Then, he loses, increasing to $19.

The difference then is that D’ Alembert has less aggressive progression than Martingale.

The problem is that each move on the roulette wheel is independent, there is a probability that the ball will stop on any square.

And in the case of 0, the casino is the winner, since it is not a red, black or half-high house…

Another detail is the betting limits of the tables, which have no way to compensate for the number of losses.

Oscar’s Grind Method

online roulette

Reportedly, Oscar Grind was a successful casino gambler. In his system, the gambling budget is divided into units and outside bets that count (red/black, odd/even, and other examples).

Every time there is a win, the bet must be increased by 1 unit. In case of a loss, the same amount must be wagered as in the previous game.

Since the succession of losses and wins is random in roulette and a bettor’s funds are not infinite, the system does not work.

How to Win in European Roulette

Winning Roulette Bets

It sounds repetitive, but I need to say and point out that it is suitable for those who wish to win more in the medium term. Another detail is that the European version has extra rules that can benefit certain gamblers.

The En Prison rule gives a second chance. If the ball lands on 0, in the case of odd/even or red/black bets, the player can use the feature to “cancel” the draw and repeat the bet.

If you get it right, you get your investment back, with no profit. If you lose, the entire amount is paid to the house. This strategy is to try to reduce losses, without the intention of profit, since the first roll is lost because the ball lands on 0.

In French Roulette there is the La Partage rule. It is less risky than En Prison and reduces the house edge by about 1.35%. In red/black and even/odd bets, if the ball lands on 0, the player gets half of the amount invested back.

Winning Roulette Bets

European roulette

Let something be clear: no strategy detailed here holds the promise of making any player a millionaire. Remember that roulette is a game that depends on luck, so there are always risks involved.

There are bets that offer a higher chance of winning with lower prizes. Even if you have better odds, losing is still something to be considered in any game.

To understand better, there are inside and outside bets, which would be played on exact numbers and large groups of numbers. Of course, inside bets are bolder, because they require more specific results.

Which one should you choose? It depends! Those with a more restrained profile can opt for the outside bets. The price for this will be to receive modest prizes in case of victory. Bold players prefer inside bets, because they yield good amounts of money.

Inside bets

These are plays on specific, very specific numbers. Such bets include 0 and 00. The more numbers selected, the greater the chances of winning.

Imagine you choose the number 30, for example. The probability of winning is 2.7% in European Roulette, equivalent to 1/36. We don’t recommend direct bets because they are too risky.

If you choose two numbers, you have a 5.4% margin. Choosing 3 numbers (street), the probability rises to 8.1%. And if you decide to bet on 4 numbers, the margin is 10.8%.

Any combination of larger numbers, 5, 6 or more numbers will have a poor balance between risk and payouts to be received. That is, the risk of failure will be greater than the payout you will receive in case you try.

Outside Bets to Win at Online Roulette

European roulette online

We strongly advise outside bets so that you can maximize your winnings in the long run. While these may not yield huge payouts, they can be quite lucrative.

Outside bets include selections between red or black, odd or even, low or high half, dozens and columns. They have odds as high as 48.6% for European Roulette.

Using the 3-2 Method in Online Roulette

One tip is to use the 3 -2 system, which allows the balance not to be in the red and wins to appear frequently, consistently.

To do this, you need to analyze the roulette board:

  • The second column has 8 black numbers and 4 red numbers.
  • The third column shows 8 red and 4 black.

Imagine one of the chips placed in the column with more black numbers and another in the bet with only black numbers.

If both bets are correct, you can double the investment made with the chip in the black group and triple the investment with the chip in the column.

Types of online bingo

bingo

One way to outline a strategy to win at bingo is to choose the variety that best suits the gambler’s profile.

Most on-site bingo offers (or used to offer in the case) the 90-ball mode. On the Internet, the player has the option to search for other versions.

Get to know the most common ones below.

Solo/solo bingo

online bingo

In this mode, the user plays against the house. It is not necessary to wait for the time of a new round, because a game can be started at any time.

A draw period is chosen, whoever scores more points on the card wins (machine or player).

Bingo 90 balls

It is the classic version, with 3 rows and 9 columns, divided into tens to 90. Depending on the casino, the goal is to make a line, with a lower prize, and fill the card, for a higher value.

There may be a jackpot for the bettor who sings bingo for a certain number of balls drawn. If the jackpot is not reached, it accumulates for the next play. It is also known as European Bingo.

75 balls

It has fewer balls and a different card. The cards are square and have 5 rows and 5 columns, sorted by the letters of the word B I N G O.

It is possible to win with a full row or card. However, the line is valid both vertically, horizontally and diagonally.

The center is empty, with a symbol of the word free. It is also called American Bingo.

80, 50 or 30 balls

These are less common versions, but are available on casino websites. The fewer balls, the faster the game is played. The 30-ball set contains only 9 numbers. For this reason, the games do not last more than 5 minutes.

They are ideal for those who like dynamics, to follow the draw without blinking for a second. At least the marking of the numbers is automatic, so that the player is not harmed by missing the balls sung in the draw.

Such facility does not exist in face-to-face bingo. The gamblers’ lapse exponentially increases the house advantage.

How to play free online bingo

offline bingo

Since the promotion asks for an initial deposit, it is necessary to register on the site.

After filling out the form, the new member must choose a payment method and enter any amount above $20 to participate in the offer.

Next, they must access the My Bonuses area and then click on Available Bonuses.

Once the bingo bonus has been activated, all you have to do is enter the bingo rooms to compete for prizes, without putting your hand in your pocket.

It should be noted that the credits last for a limited time after activation. You certainly won’t have any problems using the balance in the casino.

Another detail is that the second deposit bonus is only available once the previous deposit has been wagered.

It is only after the rollover is fulfilled that it is possible to withdraw funds.

Betmotion free cards

On Mondays, Tuesdays and Wednesdays, the casino offers two games to play free bingo cards, worth $3000 in prizes. All you have to do is log in at the given time and compete.

At Betmotion, those who like other casino games, such as poker, can participate in freerolls and tournaments for new players.

There is also a VIP club that works like a loyalty program. The user must collect points to level up and get extra benefits.

It is definitely worth keeping an eye on the casino’s offers, as there is a great opportunity to enjoy free online bingo with a prize!

Tips on how to win at bingo

bingo game

Because it is a lottery, there is no short path to winning at bingo. The point is that the online results are random, just like the live draws.

It is a fact that the more cards you buy, the greater the odds of winning. And since the number dialing is automatic, the player doesn’t have to worry about “losing balls”.

A tip is to give preference to the rooms with more expensive cards, which pay higher prizes. As the saying goes, if you don’t risk, you don’t risk.

Use a bonus to get extra spins and more account balance, and play free video bingo

The more people in a room, the more opponents you will have! Try to choose modes with fewer competitors, or go for solo bingo.

Instead of buying just one card, you can choose several cards at the same time. Since the computer does the scoring, there is no risk of “eating the ball” and losing the prize.

Play Jackpot Bingo, a type that has jackpots that can reach fortunes.

It is always worth reading carefully the terms of use of promotions, to know about rollover, balance validity, minimum deposit and other details.

And, of course, choose only casinos that operate within the law. All those mentioned in this article are highly recommended by the our team.

Face-to-face gambling vs. online gambling

bingo rules

At the moment, online bingo can offer everything that law prohibits: bingo games on the national territory.

No need to leave home or travel to another country to have a gambling experience. Anyone over the age of 18, with access to the Internet, can register in a virtual casino.

One of the factors that attracts bingo players is socializing. Of course, meeting other gamblers face-to-face is something that only face-to-face gambling provides.

On the other hand, virtual interaction is possible in online bingo through a chat room that is available during the rounds.

Since the drawing and marking of the numbers is automatic, there is plenty of time to chat with other members.

The other players are also fluent in Portuguese. So you can make new friends while having fun and looking for chances to play free online bingo with prizes. All at the same time!

Another thing that makes bingo sites attractive are the promotions and free spins. Besides the welcome bonus, the casinos create special offers to keep the members active.

Those who are registered on more than one platform can play for free several games throughout the day using the promotions. In the live draws there were also free spins, but it would not be possible to participate in all of them due to transportation costs.

The internet player does not have to go to a specific location to participate in the bingo sessions. As a consequence, they can play several free games on the same day at different sites.

Online bingo: complete list

bingo
  • 1xBet: has games from Pragmatic Play and Patagonia (classic machine) and card rooms. Showball and Pachinko are included in the catalog.
  • 22Bet: It is a great casino for the virtual bingo mode, to play alone. It has different types, such as 30 balls, classic version (90 balls), American (75 balls) and 80 balls.
  • NetBet: ideal for fans of Pachinko, Show Ball, Goal Bingo and Hot Bingo. There are also less known games, but they guarantee a lot of fun.
  • Betfair: It has 75, 80, and 90 ball rooms, with games throughout the day, as well as the machine version. The only downside is that the special bingo area has no translations.
  • LeoVegas: LeoVegas Casino has games from Novomatic, such as the Book of Ra bingo version, as well as the friendly Bruno bear and more traditional options.
  • JackpotCity: Even not being the casino’s strong point, JackpotCity brings some interesting video bingo titles, such as Samba, Bonanza, Electro and SuperBonus.

CS:GO Betting Sites

CS:GO Betting

CSGO SoonThe eSports are gaining momentum, and so is betting on this phenomenon, and it is easy to find options of all kinds in this regard. Finding a CSGO betting site with all the best qualities, however, is no longer such an easy task.

In this article you will read more about the characteristics that make up a good CSGO betting site, what to look out for, what criteria to adopt to make your selection and, of course, know a little more about this game that has become a universe by itself in terms of championships, teams, players and fans.

Competitive odds

Odds are the odds of the sports markets at a bookmaker. The motivation for becoming a customer of such a bookmaker is to have the chance to earn money on your bets, even if they are symbolic amounts. Therefore, comparing odds between bookmakers is fundamental in order to make the right choice.

Betting markets

CS:GO

When it comes to electronic sports, most bookmakers still offer few markets. CSGO is one of the sports with the biggest offer and even then big game operators leave a lot to be desired in terms of variety. What’s the fun of betting in a house with irrelevant markets? Avoid limited options.

Trust

Any digital service needs to prove security before being hired and a good “after-sales”: the problems after the hiring and the distance between company and consumer are weaknesses in the online world.

Therefore, evaluate if the company has licenses to operate and if it offers infrastructure for security of personal data and financial transactions. Also research if the customer service is offered, if there are many complaints from customers over the internet and if the support channels are effective.

LA League

The “LA” stands for Latin America, so it’s easy to deduce that this is a continental tournament. The interesting thing to note that is one of the powers of the sport in the world, so it has done very well in the three editions of the tournament – the official arm of the ESL, the world’s biggest competition. It is an excellent tournament to bet on, especially for those who are just starting out.

Clutch Circuit

Known (correctly) as the Brasileirão of CS:GO, the Clutch Circuit is the pinnacle of prestige in terms of eSports in the country. It’s the top level of competition at the national level, and big teams organise themselves every season to be able to compete, even more so because the competition gives access to the other two mentioned here (LA League and Club Masters).

Gamers Club Masters

CS:GO Betting tips

Probably the most popular tournament, the GCM is called the Majors. It’s a more relaxed tournament than the others, usually taking place in person at a home (both players and narrators and commentators). The growth in popularity of this event has led to it even being considered to happen twice a year, instead of just once.

Blast

Started in 2017, the BLAST Pro Series has seen more than 10 editions broadcast worldwide, gaining fame and prestige across the board. It is one of the most coveted competitions by teams, so much so that top names feature among its champions of MIBR and the biggest champions of all, the Danes of Astralis. The prize of US$250,000 is one of the highest of all, it must be said.

DreamHack

In terms of tradition, DreamHack is probably the ultimate authority. The name actually refers to a games fair that started in Sweden in 1994, but in the last decade has become synonymous with a beloved and well-attended tournament. The tournaments within the competition all follow the same format and prize pool (US$250,000) and it is a real obsession who have not won one to date.